Lawmakers Mull Pension Funding After Failed Bond Measure

The Associated Press, June 28, 2005

Last weekend's defeat of Gov. Joe Manchin's $5.5 billion pension bond proposal will force lawmakers on to ''Plan B,'' House Finance Chairman Harold Michael said Monday.  The only problem, the Hardy County Democrat said, is that ''we don't yet know what Plan B is.''

Saturday's special election saw voters reject, by 54 percent to 46 percent, Manchin's plan to fund the ailing pension programs for teachers, judges and troopers through the sale of bonds.  

''The real difficulty is going to become, as we move forward, that we are going to have to pay the increased costs,'' said House Speaker Bob Kiss, D-Raleigh.  In 1994 Kiss was one of the primary architects of a 40-year plan to pay off the pension liabilities. Under that schedule annual payments increasingly draw from West Virginia 's budget - this year's $350 million payment equals 11 percent of general revenue, while by 2034 payment will be $724 million.  ''I think we can handle that fairly easily for the next few years,'' said Kiss, citing a stronger state economy. ''But 10 years down the road, I think we're going to have more difficulty.''

The funding shortfall for the teachers' program, which has 45,363 enrollees, is one of the worst among public plans nationwide. Responsible for about $5 billion of West Virginia 's unfunded pension liabilities, it owes $3.50 in promised benefits for ever dollar it has on hand.

Manchin acknowledged the will of the voters in deciding against his proposal, but emphasized that the liability will continue to exist despite the bond measure's failure.  ''This doesn't go away, this still has to be paid,'' Manchin said. ''You're still paying for this over next 30 years.''  Manchin said he will focus on making state government ''as efficient and lean as it can be'' in order to be more competitive.

Senate Minority Leader Vic Sprouse said voters showed their skepticism about Manchin's plan to invest bond proceeds.  ''If it was such a good idea, why weren't we going out to get $12 billion or $15 billion?'' said Sprouse, R-Kanawha.  Sprouse, who voted during the legislative session to put the bond measure on the ballot, said he voted against it Saturday and supports the original payment plan. Sprouse said he is confident the state can handle the escalating payments.

''The $724 million will be the final year's payment in 2034,'' he said. ''That will actually be a smaller percentage of the $350 million we pay right now since our budget should naturally increase over that time.''

Department of Revenue Director of Fiscal Policy Mark Muchow agreed that the general revenue budget is likely to increase. But controlling for temporary revenue enhancements like the cigarette tax, the tobacco settlement funds and video lottery expansion, the state's annual growth between 1998 and 2004 was 2.3 percent.  The yearly increase needed to fund the pension oblivion, meanwhile is between 3 percent and 3.2 percent, Muchow said.  ''Over a longer period of time that 1 percentage point difference makes up a lot of money,'' Muchow said.

Sen. Steve Harrison, one of the few vocal opponents to the bond measure during the session, said he is pleased with the result of the election.  ''I equated this as someone coming into a bank to borrow a large amount of money to invest in the stock market because they would think they could get a greater rate of return than the rate of the loan,'' said Harrison, R-Kanawha and a banker. ''There's a lot that can go wrong there.''   Harrison said future pension fund payments will be easier for the state to handle if changes to the gasoline and food taxes are put into effect.

''Reducing the sales tax would benefit West Virginia 's citizens,'' he said. ''If we have more competitive tax rates, over the long term we can increase the volume of our economy.''

But Michael, the House finance chairman, said cutting taxes would leave a large short-term gap, even in the event that the economy improves in the long run.  ''I can't believe the growth is going to be substantial enough to handle that. My sense is we will have to either make some substantial program cuts, or talk about is raising taxes,'' he said. ''I've always been a proponent of that's a last-resort type of thing.''  And not everyone is ruling out a new pension bond proposal in the future.

''Do we have to find alternative methods? Absolutely, yes,'' said House Minority Leader Charles Trump, R-Morgan. ''But to pronounce it dead in any incarnation in the future, I think that's premature.''